InauguralAddress英文加上翻译

第一篇：InauguralAddress英文加上翻译

InauguralAddress

President Hoover Mister Chief Justice, my friends:

This is a day of national consecration, and I am certain that on this day my fellow Americans expect that on my induction in the Presidency I will address them with a candor and a decision which the present situation of our people impeIs.This is preeminently the time to speak the truth, the whole truth, frankly and boldly Nor need we shrink from honestly facing the conditions facing our country today This great nation will endure as it has endured, will revive and will prosper So first of all, let me express my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itselfa recognition of the old and the permanently important manifestation of the American spirit of the pioneer.It is the way to recovery it is the immediate way it is the strongest assurance that recovery will endure.In the field of world policy I would dedicate this nation to the policy of the good neighbor.The neighbor who resolutely respects himself, and because he does so, respects the rights of others.The neighbor who respects his ob1igation, and respects the sanctity of his agreement, in and with, a world of neighbour.If I read the temper of our people correctly we now realize what we have never realized before, our inter-dependence on each other, that we cannot merely take, but we must give as well.That if we are to go forward, we must move as a trained and loyal army willing to sacrifice for the good of a common discipline, because without such discip1ine, no progress can be made, no leadership becomes effective.We are all ready and willing to submit our lives and our property to such discipline because it makes possible a 1eadership which aims at the larger good.This, I propose to offet we are going to larger purposes, bind upon us, bind upon us all, as a sacred obligation with a unity of duty hitherto evoked only in times of armed strife.With this pledge taken, I assume unhesitatingly, the leadership of this great army of our people dedicated to a disciplined attack upon our

common problems.Action in this image, action to this end, is feasible under the form of government which we have inherited from my ancestors.Our constitution is so simple, so practical, that it is possible always, to meet extraordinary needs, by changes in emphasis and arrangements without loss of a central form, that is why our constitutional system has proved itself the most superbly enduring political mechanism the modern world has ever seen.It has met every stress of vast expansion of territory of foreign wars, of bitter internal strife, of world relations.And it is to be hoped that the normal balance of executive and legislative authority wi1l be fully equal, fully adequate to meet the unprecedented task before us.But it may be that an unprecedented demand and need for underlay action may call for temporary departure from that normal balance of public procedure.We face the arduous days that lie before us in the warm courage of national unity in the clearest consciousness of seeking all and precious moral values, with the clean satisfaction that comes from the stern performance of duty by old and young alike, we aim at the assurance of a rounded, a permanent national life.We do not distrust the future of essential democracy The people of the United States have not failed.In their need, they have registered a mandate that they want direct, vigorous action.They have asked for discipline, and direction under leadership, they have made me the present instrument of their wishes.In the spirit of the gift, I take it.In this dedication, in this dedication of a nation, we humbly ask the b1essings of God, may He protect each and every one of us, may He guide me in the days to come.我们今天举行的不是一个政党的祝捷大会，而是一次自由的庆典。这是一个承先启后、继往开来的大事件。因为刚才我已依照我们的先辈在将近一又四分之三个世纪以前拟好的誓言在诸位和全能的上帝面前庄严宣誓。

当今的世界已与往昔大不相同了。人类手中已掌握的力量，既足以消除一切形式的人类贫困，也足以结束一切形式的人类生活。然而，我们的先辈曾为之奋斗的革命信念至今仍未能为举世所公认。这信念就是认定人权出自上帝所赐而非得自政府的恩典。

我们今天仍未敢忘记我们是第一次革命战争的接班人。此时此地我谨向我们的朋友，同时也向我们的敌人宣告：火炬已传到我们新一代美国人手中。这一代人在本世纪成长起来，经受过战火的锻炼，经历过冷峻的和平的考验，以珍视古老的传统而自豪，又决不愿坐视或容许人权逐渐遭到践踏。美国对这些人权一向负有责任，今天我们也正在本国及全世界范围内为之奋斗。

必须让每一个友邦和敌国都知道：为维护自由，使其长存不灭，我们将会不惜付出任何代价，肩负任何重担，迎战一切困难，援助一切朋友，反击一切敌人。

以上这些是我们保证要做到的——但我们保证要做到的还不止这些。

对于那些与我们有着共同的文化和精神渊源的传统盟邦，我们保证将报之以真诚不渝的友谊。只要我们团结起来，我们在许多合作性事业中就会无往而不胜；而一旦彼此分裂，我们就会无所作为。因为我们之间若起争端，彼此离异，便难以与我们面临的强大对手抗衡。对于那些我们欢迎其加入自由国家行列的各新兴国家，浅们发誓，一种形式的殖民统治的结束绝不应仅是为了被另一种远为残酷的暴政所取代。我们并不期望这些国家总是支持我们的观点，但我们希望他们始终能够坚决地卫护自己的自由，并时刻牢记，过去那些企图骑上虎背为自己壮声势的愚人结果都没能逃脱葬身虎腹的命运。

对于那些居住在遍布半个地球的茅舍荒村中，正奋力冲破集体贫困的桎梏的各民族，我们保证将尽最大努力帮助他们脱贫自救，不管这样做需要多长时间。这样做并不是因为怕共产党会抢先这样做，也不是因为我们想获得那些国家的赞成票，而是因为这样做是正确的。一个自由社会如若不能帮助众多的穷人，也就无法保全少数的富人。

对于我国边界以南的各姊妹国家，我们要作一项特别的保证：把我们美妙的言辞付诸行动，为谋求进步而进行新的合作。帮助自由的人民和自由的国家政府挣脱贫困的锁链。但我们绝不能让这个充满希望的和平革命成为敌对国家的牺牲品。要让所有的邻邦都知道，我们将和他们一起反对外国在美洲任何地区进行的侵略或颠覆。也要让所有别的国家知道，我们这个半球仍得由自己当家做主。

在一个战争因素远远超过和平因素的时代，对于我们唯一的最好的希望赖以寄托的世界主权国家的联盟组织一一联合国，我们重申对它给予支持的保证：阻止其成为一个仅供谩骂的讲坛，加强其对新兴国家及弱小国家的保护作用，并扩大其职能范围。

最后，对于那些不惜与我们为敌的国家，我们要提出的不是保证而是呼吁：希望双方重新开始努力寻求和平，不要等到科学所释放出来的可怕的破坏力将整个人类推向有计划的或偶然发生的自我毁灭之时。

我们不敢以示弱去诱惑他们。因为只有当我们有了无可置疑的足够的武力时，我们才能有无可置疑的把握避免使用武力。

然而，目前的局势使两大国家集团都感到不安——双方都因现代军备的庞大开支而感到不堪重负，双方都为极端危险的原子武器的不断扩散而理所当然地感到惊慌不安，但双方又都在竞相谋求改变那种使双方都不敢轻易发动导致全人类毁灭的最后决战的小稳定的恐怖均势。

因此，让我们重新开始，双方都记住：礼让并不表示软弱，而诚意则永远需要验证。我们决不能因为惧怕而谈判，但我们也决不要惧怕谈判。

让双方寻求彼此的共同利益所在，而不要在引起分歧的问题上徒费精力。

让双方进行首次谈判，对监督和控制军备制订出严格可行的计划?并且把足以毁灭其他国家的绝对力量置于世界各国的绝对管制之下。

让双方致力于揭开科学的奥秘，而不是科学的恐怖。让我们共同努力去探测星空，征服沙漠，消除疾病，开发洋底，并促进艺术和贸易的发展。

让双方一起在世界各个角落听取以赛亚的指示，去“卸下沉重的负担……(并)让被压迫者获得自由”。

如果初次的合作能够减少彼此之间的疑虑的话，那就让我们双方进而开始新的合作吧，不是寻求新的力量均衡，而是建立一个有法制的新世界，使强者公正，弱者安全，和平得以维持。

所有这一切不会在第一个一百天内完成，也不会在第一个一千天内完成，不会在本届政府任期内完成，甚至也许不会在我们这一辈子完成。但我们要让它从我们手上开始。

同胞们，我们事业的成败关键不仅仅是握在我的手中，更大一部分是握在你们手中。自从我国建立以来，每一代美国人都曾应召验证自己对祖国的忠诚。应召服役的美国青年的坟墓已遍布全球。

如今那号角又在召唤我们了。它不是在号召我们扛起武器一一尽管我们也需要武器，不是在号召我们去参战——尽管我们也准备应战，而是在号召我们肩负起一场长期的艰苦斗争的重任，年复一年，“忍受困苦，向往未来”，为反对人类共同的敌人——暴政、贫困、疾病以及战争本身——而斗争。

我们能否建立一个把东西南北联在一起的伟大的全球联盟来对付这些敌人，以确保人类享有更为富有成效的生活呢?你是否愿意参加这一具有历史意义的行动呢?

在世界漫长的历史上，只有少数几代人能在自由面临极大危险的时刻被赋予保卫自由的任务。在这一重任面前，我不退缩，我欢迎这一重任。我认为我们中间不会有人愿意与别人或另一代人调换位置。我们从事这一事业的那种精力、信念和献身精神将照耀我们的国家和一切为此出力的人们。这一火焰所发出的光芒将真正照亮这个世界。

因此，美国同胞们，你们应该问的不是你们的国家能为你们做些什么，而是你们自己能为你们的国家做些什么。

和我处在同样地位的世界各国的公民们，你们应该问的不是美国会为你们做些什么，而是我们一起能为人类自由做些什么。

最后，无论你们是美国公民还是世界各国的公民，请以我们在此要求于你们的那种力量和牺牲的高标准反过来要求我们。良心是我们唯一可靠的报酬，历史是我们所作所为的最后裁判。让我们迈步向前，去领导我们所热爱的国家吧，我们祈求上帝的保佑和帮助，但我们知道，上帝在人间的工作就是我们自己的工作。

第二篇：InauguralAddress

InauguralAddress

John F.Kennedy

We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing an end as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change.For I have sworn before you and Almighty and god the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three-quarters ago.The world is very different now.For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life.And yet the same revolutionary belief for which our forebears fought is still at issue around the globe, the belief that the rights of human come not from the generosity of the state but from the hand of God.We dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first revolution.Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has passed to a new generation of Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage, and unwell to witness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty.This much we pledge—and more.To those old allies whose cultural and spiritual origins we share, we pledge the loyalty of faithful friends.United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures.Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder.To these new state whom we welcome to the ranks of the tree, we pledge our world that one form of colonial control shall not have passed away merely to be replaced by a far more iron tyranny.We shall not always expect to find them support our view.But we shall always to find them strongly supporting their own

freedom, and to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.To those peoples in the huts and villages of half the globe struggling to break the bonds of mass misery, we pledge our best efforts to help them help themselves, for whatever period is required, not because the Communists may be doing it, not because we seek their votes, but because it is right.If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich.To our sister republics south of our border, we offer a special pledge: to convert our good words into good deeds, in a new alliance for progress, to assist free men and free governments in casting off the chains of poverty.But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers.Let all our neighbor know that we shall join them to oppose aggression or subversion anywhere in the Americas.And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.To that world assembly of sovereign states, the United Nations, our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of peace, we renew our pledge of support: to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective, to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak, and to enlarge the area in which its writ may run.Finally, to those nations who would take themselves our adversary, we offer not a pledge but a request: that both sides begin anew the quest for peace, before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-destruction.We dare not temped them with weakness.For only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we be certain beyond doubt that they will never be employed.But neither can two great and powerful groups of nations take comfort from our present course—both sides overburdened by the cost of modern weapons, both rightly alarm by the steady spread of the deadly atom, yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind’s final war.So let us begin anew, remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign of

weakness, and sincerity is always subject to proof.Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which pide us.Let both sides, for the first time, formulate serious and precise proposals for the inspection and control of arms, and bring the absolute power to destroy other nations under the absolute control of all nations.Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors.Together let us explore the stars, conquer the deserts, eradicate diseases, tap the ocean depths and encourage the arts and commerce.Let both sides unite to heed all corners of the earth the command of Isaiah to “undo the heavy burdens and let the oppressed go free”

And if a beachhead of co-operation may push back the jungle of suspicion, let both sides join in creating a new endeavor, not a new balance of power, but a new world of law, where the strong are just and the weak secure and the peace preserved.All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.Nor will it be finished in the first one thousand days, nor in the life of this Administration, nor even perhaps in our lifetime on this planet.But let us begin.In your hangs, my fellow citizens, more than nine, will rest the final success or failure of our course.Since this country was founded, each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty.The graves of young Americans who answered the call to service surround the globe.Now the trumpet summons us again—nit as a call to bear arms, though arms we need;not as a call to battle, though embattled we are;but a call to bear the burden of a long twilight struggle, year in and year out,” rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation” a struggle against the common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease and war itself.Can we forge against these enemies a grand and globe alliance, North and South, East and West, that can assure a more fruitful life for all mankind? Will you join the history effort?

In the long history of the world, only a few generations have been granted the role of defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger.I do not shrink from this responsibility;I welcome it.I do not believe that any of us would exchange places with any other people or any other generation.The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world.And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you;ask what you can do for your country.My fellow citizens of the world ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of the man.Finally, whether you are the citizens of America or the citizens of the world, ask of us here the same high standards of strength and sacrifice which we ask of you.With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love, asking His blessing and His help, but knowing that here on earth God’s work must be our own.

第三篇：翻译英文

海南公路HainanHighway

前言Preface

目录Content

干线公路ArterailHighway

东线高速公路EasternLineFreeway

西线高速公路WesternLineFreeway

海文高速公路HaiwenFreeway

海口绕城高速公路HaikouCity-CircleFreeway

农村公路RuralHighway

国、省、县道National,Provincial &County Highways国道National Highway

省道Provincial Highway

县道.County Road

市县出口路ExitRoadtotheCityorCounty 公路养护HighwayMaintenance

生态建设EcologicalConstruction

内业管理InternalAdministration

机械化养护MechanizationMaintenance

体制改革InstitutionalReform

应急抢险EmergencyMeasures

服务保障ServiceAssurance

路政执法LawenforcementofRoadAdministrtion

行业风彩Industry Image

第四篇：英文参考翻译

谈机电一体化的现状和发展

摘要：机电一体化是现代科学技术发展的必然结果。此简述机电一体化技术的基本情况和发展背景，综述国内外机电一体化技术的现状，分析机电一体化技术的发展趋势。

关键词：机电一体化技术 发展趋势

现代科学技术的不断发展，极大地推动了不同学科的交叉与渗透，工程领域的技术改造与革命。在机械工程领域，由于微电子技术和计算机技术的迅速发展及其向机械工业的渗透所形成的机电一体化，使机械工业的技术结构、产品结构、功能与构成、生产方式及管理体系发生了巨大变化，使工业生产由“机械电气化”迈入以“机电一体化”为特征的发展阶段。

1机电一体化概述

机电一体化是指在机构的主功能、动力功能、信息处理功能和控制功能上引进电子技术，将机械装置与电子化设计及软件结合起来所构成的系统的总称。机电一体化发展至今已经成为一门有着自身体系的新型学科，随着科学技术的不断发展，还将被赋予新的内容。但其基本特征可概括为：机电一体化是从系统的观点出发，综合运用机械技术、微电子技术、自动控制技术、计算机技术、信息技术、传感测控技术及电力电子技术，根据系统功能目标要求，合理配置与布局各功能单元，在多功能、高质量、高可靠性、低能耗的意义上实现特定功能价值，并使整个系统最优化的系统工程技术。由此而产生的功能系统，则成为一个机电一体化系统或机电一体化产品。因此，“机电一体化”涵盖“技术”和“产品”两个方面。机电一体化技术是基于上述群体技术有机融合的一种综合技术，而不是机械技术、微电子技术及其它新技术的简单组合、拼凑。这是机电一体化与机械加电气所形成的机械电气化在概念上的根本区别。机械工程技术由纯技术发展到机械电气化，仍属传统机械，其主要功能依然是代替和放大的体系。但是，发展到机电一体化后，其中的微电子装置除可取代某些机械部件的原有功能外，还被赋予许多新的功能，如自动检测、自动处理信息、自动显示记录、自动调节与控制、自动诊断与保护等。也就是说，机电一体化产品不仅是人的手与肢体的延伸，还是人的感官与头脑的延伸，智能化特征是机电一体化与机械电气化在功能上的本质区别。机电一体化的发展状况

机电一体化的发展大体可以分为三个阶段：(1)20世纪60年代以前为第一阶段，这一阶段称为初级阶段。在这一时期，人们自觉不自觉地利用电子技术的初步成果来 1

完善机械产品的性能。特别是在第二次世界大战期间，战争刺激了机械产品与电子技术的结合，这些机电结合的军用技术，战后转为民用，对战后经济的恢复起到了积极的作用。那时，研制和开发从总体上看还处于自发状态。由于当时电子技术的发展尚未达到一定水平，机械技术与电子技术的结合还不可能广泛和深入发展，已经开发的产品也无法大量推广。(2)20世纪70-80年代为第二阶段，可称为蓬勃发展阶段。这一时期，计算机技术、控制技术、通信技术的发展，为机电一体化的发展奠定了技术基础。大规模、超大规模集成电路和微型计算机的出现，为机电一体化的发展提供了充分的物质基础。这个时期的特点是：mechatronics一词首先在日本被普遍接受，大约到20世纪80年代末期在世界范围内得到比较广泛的承认;机电一体化技术和产品得到了极大发展;各国均开始对机电一体化技术和产品给予很大的关注和支持。(3)20世纪90年代后期，开始了机电一体化技术向智能化方向迈进的新阶段，机电一体化进入深入发展时期。一方面，光学、通信技术等进入机电一体化，微细加工技术也在机电一体化中崭露头脚，出现了光机电一体化和微机电一体化等新分支。中国是从20世纪80年代初才开始进行这方面的研究和应用。国务院成立了机电一体化领导小组，并将该技术列入“863计划”中。在制定“九五”规划和202_年发展纲要时充分考虑了国际上关于机电一体化技术的发展动向和由此可能带来的影响。许多大专院校、研究机构及一些大中型企业对这一技术的发展及应用做了大量的工作，取得了一定成果。但与日本等先进国家相比，仍有相当差距。机电一体化的发展趋势

机电一体化是集机械、电子、光学、控制、计算机、信息等多学科的交叉综合，它的发展和进步依赖并促进相关技术的发展。机电一体化的主要发展方向大致有以下几个方面：

3.1 智能化

智能化是21世纪机电一体化技术的一个重要发展方向。人工智能在机电一体化的研究中日益得到重视，机器人与数控机床的智能化就是重要应用之一。这里所说的“智能化”是对机器行为的描述，是在控制理论的基础上，吸收人工智能、运筹学、计算机科学、模糊数学、心理学、生理学和混沌动力学等新思想、新方法，使它具有判断推理、逻辑思维及自主决策等能力，以求得到更高的控制目标。诚然，使机电一体化产品具有与人完全相同的智能，是不可能的，也是不必要的。但是，高性能、高速度的微处理器使机电一体化产品赋有低级智能或者人的部分智能，则是完全可能而且必要的。

3.2 模块化

模块化是一项重要而艰巨的工程。由于机电一体化产品种类和生产厂家繁多，研制和开发具有标准机械接口、电气接口、动力接口和环境接口等的机电一体化产品单元是一项十分复杂但又非常重要的事情。如研制集减速、智能调速、电机于一体的动力单元，具有视觉、图像处理、识别和测距等功能的控制单元，以及各种能完成典型操作的机械装置等。有了这些标准单元就可迅速开发出新产品，同时也可以扩大生产规模。为了达到以上目的，还需要制定各项标准，以便于各部件、单元的匹配。

3.3 网络化

由于网络的普及，基于网络的各种远程控制和监视技术方兴未艾，而远程控制的终端设备本身就是机电一体化产品。现场总线和局域网技术的应用使家用电器网络化已成大势，利用家庭网络(home net)将各种家用电器连接成以计算机为中心的计算机集成家电系统(computer integrated appliance system，CIAS)，能使人们呆在家里就可分享各种高技术带来的便利与快乐。因此，机电一体化产品无疑将朝着网络化方向发展。

3.4 微型化

微型化兴起于20世纪80年代末，指的是机电一体化向微型机器和微观领域发展的趋势。国外称其为微电子机械系统(MEMS)，泛指几何尺寸不超过1cm3的机电一体化产品，并向微米、纳米级发展。微机电一体化产品体积小，耗能少，运动灵活，在生物医疗、军事、信息等方面具有无可比拟的优势。微机电一体化发展的瓶颈在于微机械技术。微机电一体化产品的加工采用精细加工技术，即超精密技术，它包括光刻技术和蚀刻技术两类。

3.5 环保化

工业的发达给人们生活带来巨大变化。一方面，物质丰富，生活舒适;另一方面，资源减少，生态环境受到严重污染。于是，人们呼吁保护环境资源，回归自然。绿色产品概念在这种呼声下应运而生，绿色化是时代的趋势。绿色产品在其设计、制造、使用和销毁的生命过程中，符合特定的环境保护和人类健康的要求，对生态环境无害或危害极少，资源利用率极高。设计绿色的机电一体化产品，具有远大的发展前景。机电一体化产品的绿色化主要是指，使用时不污染生态环境，报废后能回收利用。

3.6 系统化

未来的机电一体化更加注重产品与人的关系，机电一体化的人格化有两层含义：一层是如何赋予机电一体化产品人的智能、情感、人性等等，显得越来越重要，特别是对家用机器人，其高层境界就是人机一体化;另一层是模仿生物机理，研制出各种

机电一体化产品。事实上，许多机电一体化产品都是受动物的启发而研制出来的。综上所述，机电一体化的出现不是孤立的，它是许多科学技术发展的结晶，是社会生产力发展到一定阶段的必然要求和产物。当然，与机电一体化相关的技术还有很多，并且随着科学技术的发展，各种技术相互融合的趋势将越来越明显，机电一体化技术的发展前景也将越来越光明。

第五篇：翻译之英文

翻译之英文

1.The Lotus Mountain is one of the new Eight Sights of the Goat City in Panyu District of Guangzhou about 20 kilometers away from the city.In the mountain area, there is a well-preserved ancient quarry dating back 202_ years, a pagoda built during the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty, an old castle constructed during the Kangxi reign of the Qing Dynasty and a newly set-up Guanyin Statue which is the tallest of its kind in the world.2.The Lotus Mountain comprises 48 red-rock hills.The red sandstone here,with its high density and fine grains,is a kind of good material.So, as far back as the 2nd century BC during the Western Han Dynasty,people had started quarrying stones here for construction.3.The Lotus Pagoda is 50 meters high and was built at the highest point of the main peak.Therefore,in the past, it often served as a navigation mark for the ships that sailed upstream from the Lingding Ocean along the Pearl River to Guangzhou.4.In Chinese Buddhism, Guanyin has 36 incarnations.Before the Tang Dynasty, it used to appear as a male and was gradually changed into female afterwards.She looks sedate and kind.With a magic vase and a willow branch in her hands,she has supernatural power to bring the dead back to life.5.By the side of the statue is the Guanyin Pavilion.It was completed on Oct.20th.1997, that is , Sept.19th in Chinese lunar calendar,the birthday of Guanyin.Inside the Pavilion, there are 1000 small Guanyin statues of jade.wood.bronze and coloured porcelain—a fact that makes it worthy of the name Thousand Buddha Pavilion.6.At the northeast end of theLotus Mountain stands an old castle,built at the third year of the Kangxi reign of the Qing Dynasty(AD1664).It was a barracks for the Qing army and was a supplementary part of the defense system at the Pearl River estuary set up by the Qing government during the Opium War.7.In the 19th century, China was in an era when its feudal social system was on the wane while the Western capitalist countries(especially Britain)were at the best of times when they enjoyed a rapid industrial development.8.The Chen Family Temple, also called Chen Clan Academy, was also a school for children of the Chen Families.In 1959,it was converted into the Guangzhou Folk Art Museum,for the temple structure itself is a comprehensive expression of the exquisite Guangdong folk arts and crafts.9.Covering a ground space of 15,000 square meters, with a floor space of 6,400 square meters, the Chen Family Temple was built in the traditional Chinese architectural style.10.On the wall on the either side of the main entrance is a picture carved on bricks,depicting different stories from Chinese historical novels.They are regarded as representative works of the exquisite Guangdong brick-carving.11,The stone drums at the main entrance are a symbol of social status of the Chen family.In the feudal society ofthe Qing Dynasty,people could place a pair of drums in front of their house only when someone in their family had been conferred an academic degree of(or higher than)“jinshi’,a title given to successful candidates in the imperial examination.12.The two portraits on the door-leaves are door-gods.Original door-gods were two legendary gods,Shentu and Yulei, who, it is said, were able to catch ghosts and protect a house from evil spirits.13.Look at this picture.A hen and some chicks are walking leisurely looking for food under the shade of the big leaves of a banana tree.The chickens here are not portrayed just for chickens’sake but are likened to the present generations of the family.Also, the big leaves of the banana tree are compared to the great property or great wealth created by past generations, because the Chinese words for “big leaf” and the words for “great property” or “great wealth”are homophones of each other.14.At the tops of the balusters are carved several kinds of fruit that abound in South China:peach,star-fruit,papaya and so on.They are symbolic offerings to the Chen family’s ancestors.15.Here is the rear hall of the temple and was the place where the Chen people worshiped their ancestors.On the shrine there used to be tablets of their ancestors,which were arranged in the order of seniority in the family.The one at the top was “Emperor Shun”,who was believed to be the remote ancestor of the Chen family.16.It covers an area of about 30,000 square meters.Its exhibits include physical objects,historical pictures,diagrams and three grand scenes.Chinese people’s fighting against opium over 150 years ago is played here again vividly.This site reminds people of the war which shocked the world at that time.17.With great efforts, 1,150,000 kilograms of opium was seized from British people on the sea in this town.From June 3rd to 25th,1839, Lin Zexu destroyed all the confiscated opium here in public.This worldwide-astonishing event is called Destruction of Opium in Humen.It marks the beginning of the modern history of China.18.It took 20 days to destroy all of the forfeited opium.This action gave a message to the world that Chinese had the determination to ban opium and opium trade, to fight

against foreign invasions.19.The construction area of this exhibition building is 2,400 square meters.On the first floor is the theme about Lin Zexu’s ban on opium and some historical facts related to the Opium War.This theme is subpided into eight parts.20.The exhibits on the 2nd floor tell us a complete story of the Opium War in an accessible way.They use not only pictures and physical objects,but also war settings,terrain models on sand and soil.What’s more, acoustic, opticand electronc techniques are employed to bring vividness to the exhibits.21.Loyal Horse Monument is an important antique in this exhibition hall.A touching story about it is what I am eager to share with you.22.Opium War Museum has a collection of more than 3000 pieces of relics.Among them, 13 pieces including “Cannons Used in the War” are listed as national A-level cultural relics.All the exhibits on display witness the Chinese resistance to foreign insults and invasions during that period.23.For celebrating his birthday at the 26th year ofKaiyuan in Tang Dynasty, emperor Xuanzong ordered that each of the 81 states and counties in the country should choose a big temple to be named after reign title, Kaiyuan, so Lifeng Temple in Chaozhou was renamed Kaiyuan Temple.24.Kaiyuan Temple is a quadrangle in palace style,currently covering an area of 17,000 square meters.As one of the four most famous temples in Guangdong Province and thee largest of its kind in east Guangdong region.Kaiyuan Temple was listed as the key cultural relic protection units by the State Council in July,202_.25.Jingang Hall was built in Ming Dynasty.There are two Jingangs in the hall and they are it’s guardian spirits.They are called as “Heng” and “Ha” generals by the folk.26.Built in Song Dynasty, the hall of Heavenly King is the only existing Xieshan-styled-roof structure left over from the Song Dynasty and so is highly valued in architecture.27.Legend has it that it was just under the Bodhi tree that Sakyamuni attained his great awakening after practicing meditation for 7 days and nights, and became Buddha.28.On the west and east sides of the Daxiong Bao Dian are the 18 arhats.According to sutra, they will never have their afterlife and remain in the earthly world to preach for the Buddha.29.To the north of the Daxiong Bao Dian is the Scripture House, keeping a lot of costful cultural relics of the temple collected for more than 1000 years..30.Here is the statue of Guan-yin, the Goddess of Mercy.In this miserable earthly world, Guan-yin is widely respected and has a large number of believers.